Est=200GPa,=250MPa. The rafter that spans from a hip rafter to the ridge is a. What is the line length of a hip rafter for the building in our lab, with a unit rise of 6 inches and a run of 3 feet? Heat damage caused by a torch or any damage caused by contact with electrical wires. Note to paragraph (b)(2)(i): Pursuant to an administrative stay effective November 29, 1996 and published in the Federal Register on November 25, 1996, the requirement in paragraph (b)(2)(i) that roof bracket scaffolds be at least 12 inches wide is stayed until November 25, 1997 or until rulemaking regarding the minimum width of roof bracket scaffolds has been completed, whichever is later. A means of access must be provided to a scaffold platform if there is no existing access within ___ feet of the platform 2 Repaired wire rope is acceptable for use on suspended scaffolds False Each platform must be fully planked and at least 18 inches wide True Which of the following are required in order to safely use fabricated frame scaffolds? In particular, the policy provided that: the defendant would assist in monitoring the childs glucose levels; if the childs glucose level fell outside the target range, the defendant agreed to take action such as providing fast acting carbohydrates and contacting the plaintiff so that she could take her to a physician; in the case of more serious symptoms, calling paramedics to the scene; and providing glucagon injections in the event of an emergency. Be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches (61 cm) above the scaffold supporting level; Be provided with rest platforms at 12 foot (3.7 m) maximum vertical intervals; Have a minimum step width of 16 inches (41 cm), except that mobile scaffold stairway-type ladders shall have a minimum step width of 11 inches (30 cm); and. Identifying "Meaningful Access". A ladder or other safe means of access must be provided. A gable roof is made up of one type of rafter called a common rafter. Plywood and other rated roof panels are laid with their face grain running ____ to the rafters/trusses for greater strength. According to OSHA, construction workers that have been on the job for less than one year account for _____ percent of all injuries resulting from falls. with their ends lapped over the load bearing partition. Outrigger beams shall be placed perpendicular to its bearing support (usually the face of the building or structure). a board used to keep the roof from sagging; it connects two rafters on opposite sides of the ridge. On scaffolds where platforms are overlapped to create a long platform, the overlap shall occur only over supports, and shall not be less than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platforms are nailed together or otherwise restrained to prevent movement. Roof brackets are usually required on a roof slope greater than ____ in ___. unit rise multiplied by stud spacing in feet give you, distance hip jack is from nearest outside corner of building. When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the scaffold shall be equipped with additional independent support lines and automatic locking devices capable of stopping the fall of the scaffold in the event one or both of the suspension ropes fail. [29 CFR 1926.451 (e) (8)] Other types - these are man lifts, hoists, etc., which are . Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. The common rafters supporting the ridge of the intersecting roof are, all of the above: mitered at the top to a plum line for the slope of the intersecting roof, mitered at the bottom to a level line for the slope of the intersecting roof, beveled at the bottom to match the slope of the main roof. Guardrail systems shall be installed along all open sides and ends of platforms. What is the line length of a common rafter that has a unit rise of 9" and a run of 10'? In addition to the normal operating brake, suspension scaffold power-operated hoists and manually operated hoists shall have a braking device or locking pawl which engages automatically when a hoist makes either of the following uncontrolled movements: an instantaneous change in momentum or an accelerated overspeed. 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The top rail on a scaffold guardrail system should be ______ inches above the platform. Any part of a scaffold damaged or weakened such that its strength is less than that required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be immediately repaired or replaced, braced to meet those provisions, or removed from service until repaired. Counterweights shall not be removed from an outrigger beam until the scaffold is disassembled. Each scaffold stairway shall be at least 18 inches (45.7 cm) wide between stairrails. For example, why not settle the case, insist on a consent decree to ensure that the amended policy is implemented, and then go for attorneys fees on the grounds that the plaintiff prevailed because the defendant changed their policy as a result of the litigation? When canopies are used on suspension scaffolds for falling object protection, the scaffold shall be equipped with additional independent support lines equal in number to the number of points supported, and equivalent in strength to the strength of the suspension ropes. Based on 9 documents. The toprail of each stairrail system shall also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally and not more than 24 inches vertically from the other surfaces. Recalculate the values in Prob. 2. 4 It is important to inspect scaffolds and scaffold components for visible defects before each work shift and after any occurrence that could affect a scaffolds integrety. a means of access must be provided to a scaffold. The stall load of any scaffold hoist shall not exceed 3 times its rated load. Materials being hoisted onto a scaffold must Vertical lifelines, independent support lines, and suspension ropes shall not be attached to each other, nor shall they be attached to or use the same point of anchorage, nor shall they be attached to the same point on the scaffold or personal fall arrest system. 6, 1979, as amended at 58 FR 35182 and 35310, June 30, 1993; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30 1996; 61 FR 59831, Nov. 25, 1996], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. This really is a fluid process that must evolve over time to meet the organizations mission and keep up with demographic changes. a line on a rafter that will be vertical when the rafter is in position, the line on a rafter that will be horizontal when the rafter is in position, the notch where the rafter sits on the wall plate, the part of the rafter that projects out beyond the building line, the total vertical distance the roof rises from the top of the wall, the length of rafter necessary to cover one unit of run; the hypotenuse of the unit triangle, the length of a rafter measured from the seat cut to the ridge, the distance the roof rises vertically for every unit of run, the base of the unit triangle, 12" for all common rafters, the total horizontal distance under a rafter, usually half the span. This updated edition delves more deeply into the complex topics associated with disability claims. When horizontal lifelines are used, they shall be secured to two or more structural members of the scaffold, or they may be looped around both suspension and independent suspension lines (on scaffolds so equipped) above the hoist and brake attached to the end of the scaffold. Employers are required to provide fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where the installation and use of such protection is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. Suspension scaffold power-operated hoists and manual hoists shall be tested by a qualified testing laboratory. When conditions warrant, the height of the top edge may exceed the 45-inch height, provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria of paragraph (g)(4). Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. When winding drum hoists are used on a suspension scaffold, they shall contain not less than four wraps of the suspension rope at the lowest point of scaffold travel. In that decisionupholding Tennessee's cutback in hospital stays for Medicaid patients to fourteen days annually against a challenge that it disparately impacted the disabledthe Court . That policy should lay out detailed steps that the defendant will take. Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (b)(2)(ii) of this section, each scaffold platform and walkway shall be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide. Direct . All scaffolding should be able to support ____ times the intended load. Employers must provide access when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Each end of a platform 10 feet or less in length shall not extend over its support more than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platform is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees and/or materials without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. 7. Toeboards shall be solid or with openings not over one inch (2.5 cm) in the greatest dimension. Pump jack scaffolding must be braced vertically at least every _____ feet. Have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. Labor and Employment law blog (management), Ohio Employment lawyer blog (Jonathan Hyman-management), PLAINTIFF California Labor and Employment Law Blog, Robin Sheas Employment and Labor Law Insider blog, Title III and Fair Housing Act Blog (defense). Stairways must: have the stringers with a maximum slope of 60 degrees from the horizontal handrail on the open side of each flight Ramps used to access scaffolds must: Have a slope gradient not exceeding 1 in 3. Makeshift devices, such as but not limited to boxes and barrels, shall not be used on top of scaffold platforms to increase the working level height of employees. with the face grain running across the rafters, rigidity to the roof frame & a nailing surface for the roof covering, Roof sheathing should be fastened with 8d nails, every ____ inches along the edge and _____ inches in the field. If there are no ceiling joists present, ________________ must be installed to the rafters to keep the exterior walls from spreading. To reduce the possibility of welding current arcing through the suspension wire rope when performing welding from suspended scaffolds, the following precautions shall be taken, as applicable: An insulated thimble shall be used to attach each suspension wire rope to its hanging support (such as cornice hook or outrigger). Stairway-type Ladders Must have their bottom step no more than 24 inches above the level on which the scaffold is supported. Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be intermixed unless the components fit together without force and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained by the user. [29 CFR 1926.451 (e) (1)] Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 cm) vertically from the other surfaces. When working on asphalt shingle roofs, roof jacks should be placed about _____ feet apart. When an individual already has meaningful access to a benefit to which he or she is entitled, then no additional accommodation, regardless of whether it is reasonable or not, need be provided by the governmental entity. Where two roofs intersect, ____________ are formed. Safe points of anchorage include structural members of buildings, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, electrical conduit, outrigger beams, or counterweights. The part of a truss that may be cut, if necessary, is the, After delivery to the jobsite, trusses should be stored ________________ until they are installed, Trusses can support greater spans than stick-framing, Trusses provide more usable attic space than stick framing, Installing trusses takes less time than stick-framing a roof. This determination shall be based on site conditions and the type of scaffold being erected or dismantled. Each toprail or equivalent member of a guardrail system shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force applied in any downward or horizontal direction at any point along its top edge of at least 100 pounds (445 n) for guardrail systems installed on single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds or two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, and at least 200 pounds (890 n) for guardrail systems installed on all other scaffolds. OSHA standard 1926.453 (b) (2) (v) requires workers to wear a body belt, with a lanyard attached to the boom or basket, when working from an aerial lift, including a scaffold. Guys, ties, and braces shall be installed according to the scaffold manufacturer's recommendations or at the closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height and be repeated vertically at locations of horizontal members every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds 3 feet (0.91 m) wide or less, and every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds greater than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. When the loads specified in paragraph (g)(4)(vii) of this section are applied in a downward direction, the top edge shall not drop below the height above the platform surface that is prescribed in paragraph (g)(4)(ii) of this section. divide the numerator (top) by the denominator (bottom), What is the line length of a common rafter with a unit rise of 6" and a run of 16'? Suspension scaffold support devices such as cornice hooks, roof hooks, roof irons, parapet clamps, or similar devices shall be: Made of steel, wrought iron, or materials of equivalent strength; Secured against movement by tiebacks installed at right angles to the face of the building or structure, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be installed and secured to a structurally sound point of anchorage on the building or structure. When ceiling joists are lapped on the bearing partition, the joints between the ceiling joists and rafters are set 16" o/c from the layout corner on both sides of the roof, the rafters are installed 16" o/c from the layout corner on both sides of the roof, and the ceiling joists are laid out next to them, The first and last ceiling joists are installed, with the outside face of the joist aligned with the inside face of the wall, to provide a nailer for drywall. Where scaffolds must be used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that platforms and walkways cannot be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, such platforms and walkways shall be as wide as feasible, and employees on those platforms and walkways shall be protected from fall hazards by the use of guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems. Independent support lines and suspension ropes shall not be attached to the same points of anchorage. The use of shore or lean-to scaffolds is prohibited. Ceiling joists are typically installed ___________. EO 13166 requires organizations to assess the services they offer, determine which of those services may be needed by LEP persons, and then develop a system to provide meaningful access without unduly burdening the agency. Footings shall be level, sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement. The child is able to monitor her glucose levels independently but is unable to self administer insulin injections if needed. Courts Reasoning for Granting Defendants Motion for Summary Judgment. Overlapped planks should extend beyond the bearing point at least ____" and no more than ____", Metal tubular frame scaffolding is held rigidly plumb by, The part of a scaffold that protects workers below from objects falling off the work platform is a, The workers allowed to climb an access ladder for a metal tubular scaffold that has its rungs spaced 18" apart are the scaffold, Wood scaffold planks, when loaded should deflect no more than, Guardrails must be installed on all scaffolds more than, The person in charge of the safe erection and dismantling of scaffolding is the, End frames are installed level and plumb to sit on top of, The number of times a scaffold should be visually inspected is at least, To access the work area of a scaffold, the user should use an approved ladder or. The load end of wire suspension ropes shall be equipped with proper size thimbles and secured by eyesplicing or equivalent means. Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. Tiebacks shall be equivalent in strength to the suspension ropes. Ropes shall be inspected for defects by a competent person prior to each workshift and after every occurrence which could affect a rope's integrity. In these situations, only the planking that the employer establishes is necessary to provide safe working conditions is required. EO 13166 applies directly to federal agencies and recipients of federal funding. 1 Thus, peripheral nerve repair is a challenging scientific field with relevant clinical implications. Scaffolds can be loaded in excess of their maximum intended rated capacity, Employees performing work from a scaffold must be trained on proper use, maximum load capacity and any electrical hazzard present, Each scaffold and its components must be capable of supporting, without failure, its own eitght and at least ___ times the maximum intended load applied to it, A means of access must be provided to a scaffold platform if there is no existing access within ___ feet of the platform, Repaired wire rope is acceptable for use on suspended scaffolds, Each platform must be fully planked and at least 18 inches wide. If a ladder is used as a means of access to the scaffold, it must be securely attached and meet all other Cal/OSHA requirements for ladders. 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